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Teaching methods and pupils' literacy achievement in primary schools in Laroo pece Division Gulu City
(Gulu University, 2026-10) Dorcas Tulina
The study investigated the influence of teaching methods on pupils’ literacy achievement in primary schools in Laroo-Pece division. The study was guided by the following specific objectives namely, to assess the status of teaching methods in primary schools in Laroo-Pece division, to assess the level of pupils’ literacy achievement in primary schools in Laroo-Pece division and to establish the relationship between teaching methods and pupil’s literacy achievement in primary schools in Laroo-Pece division. The study adopted a mixed methods approach and convergent mixed methods research design. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected using questionnaires and interviews from 479 respondents and participants. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings for research question one showed that the status of teaching methods was high while findings for research
question two showed that the level of pupils’ literacy achievement was very high in primary schools in Laroo-Pece division and findings for Hypothesis showed that there was a strong positive statistically significant relationship between Teaching methods and Pupils’ literacy Achievement in primary schools in Laroo-Pece Division. It was concluded that teaching methods fundamentally influence Pupils’ literacy achievements in primary schools in Laroo-Pece Division. The study recommended that Ministry of Education and Sports should invest significantly in CPD to improve teaching methods in order to improve literacy achievement in primary schools.
Employee Ethical Code of Conduct and Performance of Local Governments: A Case of Pader District Local Government
(Gulu University, 2026) Okidi Bajilo Oola
This study analyzed the influence of the employee ethical code of conduct on the performance of Pader District Local Government (PDLG). Specifically, the study: assessed the level of adherence to employee ethical code of conduct, the level of performance, the relationship between the employee ethical code of conduct and the performance of PDLG, and the mediating role of the Public Service standing order on the relationship between the ethical code of conduct and PDLG performance A Case study research design was used and a sample population of 63 consisting of heads of all departments, administrative staff, CAO and operational staff (implementers) of PDLG. Data were collected using questionnaire and interview guide tools and analyzed using computer software SPSS Version 20 and thematic content analysis for qualitative data. Generally, the study revealed a moderately high level of adherence to the ethical code of conduct and an average or moderate performance level of employees. Findings, additionally revealed a moderately strong relationship between the ethical
code of conduct and employee performance. The level of adherence to employee ethical conduct in PDLG showed 63.1%, hence moderately high. The Ethical Code of Conduct has a stronger, statistically significant impact at 0.647, enhancing organizational efficiency by promoting accountability and transparency. The study revealed a moderate significant positive relationship between ethical code of conduct and performance of PDLG (r= 0.647, p<0.000). The study
revealed a moderately positive influence of the public service standing order on the relationship between the ethical code of conduct and performance of PDLG. The study concludes that the ethical code of conduct significantly enhances performance in terms of efficiency, while the Public Service Standing Order, though positive, faces enforcement challenges. The study recommends that; (a) the heads of departments should implement comprehensive induction programs for their employees on the ethical code of conduct, and Public Service Standing Orders; (b) PDLG should conduct a thorough review of resource allocation and management practices to support employee recruitment to fill gaps.
AUDIT QUALITY AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY IN NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN NORTHERN UGANDA: THE CASE OF SELECTED NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN GULU CITY_2024_pdf
(Gulu University, 2024-12-08) Ojok Victor
This study sought to establish the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Gulu City. Specifically, this ought to have answered the following questions, how is audit quality assessed in selected NGOs in Gulu city? How is financial accountability carried out in selected NGOs in Gulu City? What is the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in selected NGOs in Gulu City? To what extent does accounting policies moderate the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in selected NGOs in Gulu City? The study was done between February 2024 to June 2024. The study was done in selected NGOs in Gulu city. A cross-sectional research design was applied to investigate the different players in the audit quality and financial accountability, which comprised of; Internal auditor, Finance Departments, Program Departments, Monitoring & Evaluation Department. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative data analytical methods. Data was collected by use of structured questionnaires and interview guides. Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sampling technique was used to select 67 sample size from a population of 70 people. The findings were presented by use of tables and charts with frequencies, valid percentages and model Summary, ANOVA was run to determine the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in selected NGOs in Gulu city. The findings indicate that there is a correlation between audit quality and financial accountability in most of the NGOs in Gulu city such as World Vision (Gulu), Love one international (Gulu), Save the Children International (Gulu), SOS Children Village Uganda (Gulu), Carita Gulu, Gulu Women Economic Development and Globalization (GWED-G) and Thrive Gulu. This has built on the confident of staff,
management and other key stakeholders to the organization. In conclusion therefore, financial accountability is a key factor in the running of every organization
that needs to be taken seriously. However, financial accountability also needs to be carried out hand in hand with audit quality. Cash is the blood that runs through the veins of every organization and it’s a daily activity like recording the date of receipt, its accounting as well as the date of depositing the cheque-draft to the bank account are the same and needs a responsible person who will be responsible for managing all bank transactions.
MATRIARCHY AND THE STATE FORMATION OF BUGANDA FROM 1856 TO 2022
(Gulu University, 2025) BRENDAH NAKABIITO
ABSTRACT
There is sufficient evidence in historical scholarship that public interest in primitive
matriarchies has been revived globally. Suddenly magazine articles, journal articles
and books appear attesting to a former rule by women, this is partly because no
matriarchies persist anywhere at the present time and because primary sources
recounting them were totally lacking. This study investigated the contribution of
matriarchy to state formation of Buganda Kingdom. It was guided by the following
specific objectives namely; to examine how Buganda kingdom was organized; to
assess the nature of Matriarchy in Buganda kingdom and examine the influential royal
women and the role they played in state formation of Buganda. The study used
qualitative methods and data was collected using interview guide. Data was analyzed
thematically according to similarity of responses in relation to study objectives. My
findings revealed that Buganda kingdom was a centralized polity organized politically,
economically, socially and culturally with the Kabaka as a cultural leader and head of
state. Buganda was organized into administrative units with the Kabaka at the centre
and the chiefs at the periphery. My study also found out that the nature of Matriarchy
was women rule at one time in history and there was matrilineality but most important
matriarchy in Buganda was considered from the contribution of women to state
formation and finally research question three, findings revealed that there were a
number of influential royal women who contributed in various capacities to state
formation while other women emerged as unique personalities and contributed to
Buganda. It was concluded that Buganda kingdom was a centralized polity with well organized
political, social economic and cultural structure and matriarchy contributed
immensely to state formation. It was recommended that Oral information should be
written and achieved in counties, sub-counties, parishes and villages to enable people
access information about Buganda.
Exploring Human - Wildlife Conflicts through the Livelihoods Framework in Nwoya District
(Gulu University, 2026-09-14) Aloyo Innocent Jessie
This study conducts a detailed evaluation of human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) in the Lii subcounty of Nwoya District, with the goal of understanding the impacts of these conflicts,
measuring the effectiveness of mitigation strategies, and assessing community involvement and policy execution; employing a cross-sectional methodology that combines quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research reveals that HWC is an extensive issue affecting nearly all surveyed households, predominantly driven by problematic encounters with elephants, leading to substantial economic setbacks, including an average 75% decrease in annual crop yields and a 60% drop in household income, with potential financial losses reaching UGX 40,000,000 yearly. Moreover, these conflicts significantly undermine all five capital assets of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, causing deep psychosocial impacts like chronic stress and fear reminiscent of the LRA insurgency. Although households implement various strategies to deter wildlife, their effectiveness is often viewed as limited, especially as elephants adapt to traditional deterrents. A significant finding is the pervasive dissatisfaction with current HWC management, fueled by a sense of exclusion from decision making and inadequate governmental or NGO support. This frustration is exacerbated by a lack of feedback on reported incidents, intensifying the belief that the government prioritizes wildlife over human welfare. The study calls for urgent, sustainable solutions that prioritize genuine community engagement and address underlying issues such as incomplete fencing and habitat destruction to achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and wildlife.