Research Articles

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Browsing Research Articles by Author "Ajeani, Judith"

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    Episiotomy related morbidities measured using redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge and apposition scale and numerical pain scale among primiparous women in Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
    (Pan African Medical Journal, 2020-08-26) Pebolo, Pebalo Francis; Ajeani, Judith; Kaye Kabonge, Dan
    Introduction: episiotomy induced inflammatorysigns like redness, edema, ecchymosis and pain may remain beyond the period of hospitalization and can be objectively measured using redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge and apposition (REEDA) scale. Pain in the postpartum period is a common problem and can be measured using the numerical pain scale (NPS). Episiotomy is normally poorly executed and poorly repaired with little attention to the subtle pain-free scar. Postpartum perineal pain has been found to affect more people with episiotomy compared to spontaneous perineal tears or contusion in the first two weeks. This study was aimed at comparing NPS and REEDA scores in the first two weeks of postpartum among primiparous parturients with or without episiotomy in Mulago National Referral Hospital. Methods: a prospective cohort study conducted by recruiting primiparous women systematically on the first postnatal day and categorizing them into episiotomy and no episiotomy group. NPS and REEDA scale were taken at baseline and 2 weeks postpartum. Results: the mean total REEDA score for primiparous women among the episiotomy group was significantly higher both on day 1 and day 14 with p-values <0.0001 and <0.0001 respectively as well as the day 14 mean NPS pvalue 0.001. Conclusion: episiotomy, a traumatic obstetric procedure, that heals slowly and with persistent perineal pain compare to spontaneous perineal contusion or tears.
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    Prevalence and factors associated with episiotomy practice among primiparous women in mulago national referral hospital Uganda
    (International Journal of Pregnancy & Child Birth, 2019-11-01) Pebolo, Pebalo Francis; Ajeani, Judith; Kaye Kabonge, Dan
    Background; Episiotomy, an obstetric procedure introduced into practice without any clear scientific evidence showing its benefits, became almost a procedure performed on all parturient women. Recently, a liberal episiotomy has been discouraged and WHO recommends an episiotomy rate of about 10% or less. The procedure substantially increases the risk of anal sphincter damage, improper wound healing, hematoma, infections, and perineal pain. The study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and factors associated with episiotomy among primiparous parturients in Mulago National Referral. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a researcher administered questionnaires was conducted in Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecological Department in February and March 2018. Two hundred forty-nine participants were systematically recruited on the first postnatal day after meeting the inclusion criteria and the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics were recorded. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the occurrences of episiotomy. Results: The prevalence of episiotomy was 73% (181/249) (CI 67-78). Mothers whose second stage of labor lasted between; 31-60 minutes were 3.6 times more likely to be made an episiotomy, (CI; 1.66-7.86, p=0.001), the odds further doubles if the second stage of labor was prolonged, lasting 60 minutes or greater OR=7.2 (CI; 1.46-35.64, p=0.015). Episiotomy was also found to be associated with gestational age above 37 weeks OR=1.8 (CI; 1.28-2.40 p<0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of episiotomy among primiparous is high yet higher episiotomy rates are associated with increasing morbidities and lack of benefits. The factors associated with episiotomy practice were gestational age above 37 weeks and prolonged second stage.