Predictors of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children with high-grade tumours in Uganda
Loading...
Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sage
Abstract
High-grade malignancy is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa and is prone to the spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome.
However, data on spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome remain scanty in our setting. We sought to determine the
prevalence and factors associated with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children in Uganda. We
conducted a cross-sectional study among children <18 years old with histologically confirmed high-grade malignancy
between October 2013 and April 2014. Laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome was defined as the presence of
2 of each of hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperuricaemia and hyperphosphatemia prior to administration of chemo therapy when alternative diagnoses had been excluded. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Of 108 chil dren, of median age 7.7 years, where boys outnumbered girls 2:1, high-grade, malignancy included Burkitt’s lymphoma,
acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute myeloid leukaemia and Burkitt’s leukaemia, with 14
suffering with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. Hypocalcaemia was its most common electrolyte imbal ance; and four children died prior to commencement of chemotherapy. Bulky disease, lactate dehydrogenase levels
500 iu/l and serum creatinine levels >1.2 mg/dl were associated with laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome.
However, only bulky disease was significantly predictive of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome. Such children
would benefit from routine screening.
Description
Keywords
umour lysis syndrome,, Burkitt’s lymphoma,, acute leukaemia,, Uganda
Citation
Apiyo, M., Bongomin, F., Balagadde, J., Mupere, E., & Ndeezi, G. (2021). Predictors of laboratory spontaneous tumour lysis syndrome in children with high-grade tumours in Uganda. Tropical Doctor, 51(4), 501-507.