Lead immobilization in simulated polluted soil by Douglas fir biochar-supported phosphate

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dc.contributor.authorVarco, Jac J.
dc.contributor.authorDygert, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorAtsar, Felix S.
dc.contributor.authorSolomon, Sabrina
dc.contributor.authorVenkatesh, Rooban
dc.contributor.authorThirumalai, K.G.
dc.contributor.authorPittman Jr., Charles U.
dc.contributor.authorMlsna, Todd
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-16T13:00:26Z
dc.date.available2023-12-16T13:00:26Z
dc.date.issued2021-12-16
dc.descriptionArwenyo_lead_article_2022en_US
dc.description.abstractThis study compared the lead (Pb2+) immobilization efficacy of biochar-supported phosphate to conventional in situ heavy metal immobilization methods (with lime, neat biochar and phosphate). The biochar-supported phosphate was obtained by treating Douglas fir biochar (BC) with anhydrous calcium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The amount of Pb2+ immobilized was determined by comparing the concentration of ammonium nitrate extractable Pb2+ lead from lead-spiked soil (without amendment) to that of a 30 d incubation with (a) lead-spiked soil plus 5% (wt./wt.) biochar supported-phosphate, (b) lead-spiked soil plus 5% (wt./wt.) untreated Douglas fir biochar, (c) lead-spiked soil plus 5% (w/w) lime and (d) lead-spiked soil plus 5% (wt./wt.) potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The control (lead-spiked soil without amendment) produced the largest quantity (96.08 ± 9.22 mg L− 1 ) of NH4NO3-extractable Pb2+, while lead-spiked soil treated with 5% (wt./wt.) biochar-supported phosphate resulted in the lowest quantity of NH4NO3 extractable Pb2+ (0.3 ± 0.2 mg L− 1 ). The mechanism for immobilization of Pb2+ by BP occurs at pH < 7 through dissolution of hydroxyapatite embedded in BP during modification, followed by precipitation of insoluble Pb10(PO4)6(OH)2. The residual lead fraction in the lead-spiked soil increased by 20.9% following amendment with BP. These results indicate that biocharsupported phosphate is a candidate to reduce lead mobility (bioavailability) in polluted soil. This amendment may lower Pb2+ uptake into plants while minimizing the potential for water contamination due to Pb2+mobility.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipMississippi State University, Department of Chemistry. Fulbright Organization and US Department of State for Scholarship awarded to Beatrice Arwenyo.en_US
dc.identifier.citationBeatrice, A., Varco, J. J., Dygert, A., Atsar, F. S., Solomon, S., Thirumalai, R. V. K., ... & Mlsna, T. (2022). Lead immobilization in simulated polluted soil by Douglas fir biochar-supported phosphate. Chemosphere, 292, 133355.en_US
dc.identifier.issnPrint: 0045-6535
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14270/425
dc.publisherElsevier Chemosphereen_US
dc.rightsCC0 1.0 Universal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/*
dc.subjectHeavy metalsen_US
dc.subjectBiochar supported-phosphateen_US
dc.subjectIn-situ-immobilizationen_US
dc.subjectBioavailabilityen_US
dc.subjectSoil pollutionen_US
dc.titleLead immobilization in simulated polluted soil by Douglas fir biochar-supported phosphateen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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