Unpacking the Concept “Green Charcoal,” A Cooking Fuel Innovation: The Gulu University Interdisciplinary Experience

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dc.contributor.authorAlidri Agatha
dc.contributor.authorAtube Francis
dc.contributor.authorOkello Simon
dc.contributor.authorAoyo Christine
dc.contributor.authorRingitho Robert
dc.contributor.authorOkello Collins
dc.contributor.authorOkumu Charles
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-27T11:45:27Z
dc.date.available2026-02-27T11:45:27Z
dc.date.issued2025-08-04
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: This paper reviews the concept of "Green Charcoal," drawing extensively on lessons learned from the UPCHAIN project implemented at Gulu University. Methodology: Based on research conducted by Work Package Two of the UPCHAIN project, complemented by a comprehensive literature review, this study examines the definitional ambiguities, practical challenges, and socio-environmental considerations inherent in developing sustainable charcoal alternatives within the unique context of Northern Uganda. Key results: The study defines Green charcoal as a clean, eco-friendly solid biofuel produced through the carbonisation or densification of biodegradable, carbon-rich organic waste materials such as agricultural residues, forestry by-products, and household waste using efficient, often mechanised, briquetting technologies. Historically, firewood and traditional charcoal have been the primary cooking fuels in the region, valued for their affordability and accessibility. Green charcoal is now emerging as a promising, sustainable alternative, marking a potential shift in the energy landscape. Households across both rural and urban settings commonly employ a combination of cooking fuels. There are vast definitions for green charcoal, coupled with acceptances and rejections. Conclusion: Most households in the region still depend on firewood and traditional charcoal because they are affordable and easy to get. Challenges in access and distribution, coupled with fierce competition from the informal traditional charcoal sector, complicate the widespread acceptance of green charcoal. Green charcoal has been embraced because of its environmental benefits (less deforestation), health advantages (less smoke), economic potential, and the availability of local raw materials. However, it's often rejected due to higher initial costs, being harder to light, producing more ash, not fitting traditional cooking methods, and inconsistent quality. Recommendations: Addressing affordability and accessibility gaps, integrate green charcoal with existing cultural norms and practices, integrating green charcoal with existing cultural norms and practices, and enhancing perceived value and usability.
dc.description.sponsorshipUPCHAIN project, funded by the DANIDA Fellowship Centre. It was carried out under Work Package Two (WP-2) and was approved by the Gulu University Research Ethics Committee (GUREC). GUREC-2023-557: Unlocking the Potential of Green Charcoal Innovation to Mitigate Climate Change in Northern Uganda (UPCHAIN). Written informed consent and assent were also obtained from the adult participants and persons under the age of 18, respectively.
dc.identifier.citationAgatha, A., Atube, F., Okello, S., Aoyo, C., Ringitho, R., Okello, C. & Okumu, C. (2025). Unpacking the Concept “Green Charcoal,” A Cooking Fuel Innovation: The Gulu University Interdisciplinary Experience. East African Journal of Environment and Natural Resources, 8(2), 338-350. https://doi.org/10.37284/eajenr.8.2.3424.
dc.identifier.issn2707-4242
dc.identifier.otherDOI: https://doi.org/10.37284/2707-4242
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14270/730
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherEANSO
dc.relation.ispartofseriesVolume 8; Issue 2, 2025
dc.subjectGreen Charcoal
dc.subjectInnovative Cooking Fuel
dc.subjectGulu University
dc.subjectNorthern Uganda.
dc.titleUnpacking the Concept “Green Charcoal,” A Cooking Fuel Innovation: The Gulu University Interdisciplinary Experience
dc.typeArticle

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