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A qualitative exploration of fermented milk processing traditionally practiced by the pokot ethnic group of Karamoja in Uganda
(Elsevier, 2026-07-09) Owiny Emmanuel; Oyet Sunday Mark; Chemutai Doreen; Kitambo Enos; Muggaga Christopher; Okello Uma-Ipolto
Traditional food processing methods have the potential to combat malnutrition while providing sustainable livelihoods in communities such as the Karamojong devasted by a high burden of malnutrition and associated health consequences. The purpose of the current study was to document the traditional milk processing among the Pokot community in Karamoja subregion of Uganda, specifically focusing on the sour milk. A qualitative study involving five key informants and 46 Focus Group Discussion (FGD) participants was employed. We found that traditional knowledge of fermenting milk is passed by the older women to younger generations while in their childhood. We also observed that the Pokot ethnic community used burnt plant parts for treating fermentation vessels. Calabash or gourds were the most common fermentation vessels though some households used plastic jerricans as fermentation vessels. A traditionally fermented milk locally known as lolon, follows seven key steps: cleaning of the gourds, milking, sieving, boiling, defatting, fermentation, and draining. Our study demonstrates that milk processing by traditional methods by the Pokot ethnic community is culturally entrenched, initiated when the women are at a young age. Cultural identity associated with the milk processing among the Pokot reinforces food systems, therefore, we recommend the need for further empirical research beyond the current exploration such as innovations for improving and optimizing the process steps to improve food security and nutrition among the Pokot community in Karamoja subregion.
AUDIT QUALITY AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY IN NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN NORTHERN UGANDA: THE CASE OF SELECTED NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS IN GULU CITY_2024_pdf
(Gulu University, 2024-12-08) Ojok Victor
This study sought to establish the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Gulu City. Specifically, this ought to have answered the following questions, how is audit quality assessed in selected NGOs in Gulu city? How is financial accountability carried out in selected NGOs in Gulu City? What is the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in selected NGOs in Gulu City? To what extent does accounting policies moderate the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in selected NGOs in Gulu City? The study was done between February 2024 to June 2024. The study was done in selected NGOs in Gulu city. A cross-sectional research design was applied to investigate the different players in the audit quality and financial accountability, which comprised of; Internal auditor, Finance Departments, Program Departments, Monitoring & Evaluation Department. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative data analytical methods. Data was collected by use of structured questionnaires and interview guides. Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sampling technique was used to select 67 sample size from a population of 70 people. The findings were presented by use of tables and charts with frequencies, valid percentages and model Summary, ANOVA was run to determine the relationship between audit quality and financial accountability in selected NGOs in Gulu city. The findings indicate that there is a correlation between audit quality and financial accountability in most of the NGOs in Gulu city such as World Vision (Gulu), Love one international (Gulu), Save the Children International (Gulu), SOS Children Village Uganda (Gulu), Carita Gulu, Gulu Women Economic Development and Globalization (GWED-G) and Thrive Gulu. This has built on the confident of staff, management and other key stakeholders to the organization. In conclusion therefore, financial accountability is a key factor in the running of every organization that needs to be taken seriously. However, financial accountability also needs to be carried out hand in hand with audit quality. Cash is the blood that runs through the veins of every organization and it’s a daily activity like recording the date of receipt, its accounting as well as the date of depositing the cheque-draft to the bank account are the same and needs a responsible person who will be responsible for managing all bank transactions.
CASH MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF HOTELS IN UGANDA: THE CASE OF SELECTED 3-STARS HOTELS IN GULU CITY
(Gulu University, 2026-06-18) AGENORWOT, ANNA
The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of cash management on financial performance of 3-stars hotels in Gulu City. The study was guided by five objectives; to determine the cash management practices in 3-stars hotels, to assess the level of financial performance of 3-stars hotels, to examine the relationship between cash management and financial performance of 3-stars hotels, to examine government policies governing 3-stars hotels, and to examine the moderating effects of government policies on the relationship between cash management and financial performance of 3-stars hotels in Gulu City. The study employed a cross-sectional design. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were applied. A sample size of 140 was selected using purposive, random, and convenience sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and interview guide. The study revealed that cash budgeting is moderately applied, primarily addressing operational needs, but with limited staff participation and monitoring. Cash disbursement practices were generally standardized, yet gaps exist in the recording of minor transactions and in the review of irregular expenditures. Cash control mechanisms are the most consistently practiced, focusing on safekeeping of funds, authorization processes, and bank reconciliations, though challenges remain in the segregation of duties. In terms of financial performance, profitability is actively pursued through planning and reinvestment, although fluctuating profit trends and external operational pressures hinder consistency. Liquidity is managed at the operational level, with limited application of formal assessment tools. Return on Equity is poorly understood and rarely used in performance evaluation. The study established a positive relationship between effective cash management and financial performance, revealing the strategic importance of budgeting, disbursement, and control mechanisms in enhancing financial outcomes. The study recommends improved staff involvement in budgeting, strengthening of internal control systems, and adoption of structured financial performance tracking tools. The study further calls on government authorities to support hotels through simplified regulatory compliance and greater awareness of tax relief provisions.
Challenges Facing the Push and Pull Hybrid System in the Supply of Essential Medicines in Gulu, Northern Uganda
(Science and Education Publishing, 2015-05-07) Okello, Tom Richard; Maghanga, Mshilla; Olido, Kenneth
Essential medicines are supplied to the public health facilities using the pull and push system. In many countries the decision to use the pull, push or combination of both is a policy decision, but Uganda has used each of the supply system individually in past and currently is using a hybrid despite the rampant out-cry of essential medicines stock out. Challenges facing the hybrid supply system need to be examined to advise policy makers on the how efficient the system supplies medicines. A cross-sectional study was carried out in the public health facilities in Gulu to examine the major challenges affecting the hybrid system of medicines supply. A sample of 131 health workers filled a pretested coded questionnaire as respondents and the data were then entered and analysed using SPSS version 15. Approximately 27.7% (n=131) of the respondents reported that the store management in the hybrid system is unsatisfactory and inadequate. Quality of essential medicines supplied in the hybrid system to the public health facilities is unsatisfactory and inadequate as reported by 46.5% of the respondents. Collaborative linkages with the National Medical Stores (NMS) the mandated supplier of essential medicines in the country, is weak (42.9%) and quantification of essential medicines by health workers under the hybrid system is poor (33.3%). Furthermore support supervision in weak and inadequate under the hybrid system (37.6%); and personnel who dispense essential medicines are inadequate (44.3%). Approximately 30.3% patients have poor access to essential medicines. The current hybrid system is riddled with a number of challenges which requires re-dressed in order improve access and availability of essential medicines to the public.
Community Participation and Service Delivery in Local Government-The Case of Amuru District, Uganda
(Gulu University, 2013) Oola Donato Olam
This study examines community participation and service delivery m local government (LG) taking Amuru District operations as a case study. Amuru is one of the LGs located in the Acholi sub-region, northern Uganda East Africa. The research principle objective was to explore relationships between planning and budgeting, resource mobilization, and between monitoring and evaluation and service delivery. A relevant review of related literature was carried out in line with identified objectives and research questions. The data were generated from scholarly journals, government publications, and text books among other sources. Relevant comparisons were made to establish relationships and gaps as the main methods guide upon which questionnaire, interviews and documents review were developed to help in data collection. The study employed a sample of 82 participants picked from a population constituting different employee categories of the district. Various findings were obtained but the most salient ones included: that the district's ability to deliver services falls short of the expected central government requirements in light of the decentralization policy. The research also found a gap in the planning and budgeting process in view of service provision considerations. The study also found resource mobilization strategy quite weak thus rendering the provision of essential services somehow difficult. Basic services expected to be rendered to communities were found largely inadequate. Monitoring and the level of community participation are low leading to poor service delivery. Conclusion and recommendations were drawn based on the gaps identified during the study process. Recommendations are addressed to policy makers, the government and other stakeholders.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY OF PARENTS-TEACHERS’ ASSOCIATIONS (PTAs) IN KASESE DISTRICT
(Gulu University, 2010) Mpisi Sulayman Ramadhan, BABIIHA; Development Studies (UMU);, MA Ethics
Contextual factors associated with depression among urban refugee and displaced youth in Kampala, Uganda: findings from a cross-sectional study
(Springer Nature, 2020-05-15) Logie Carmen H.; Okumu Moses; Mwima Simon; Hakiza Robert; Chemutai Doreen; Kyambadde Peter
Background: Advancing mental health among refugee and displaced adolescents and youth is critically important, as chronic psychological stress can have lifelong harmful impacts. These groups experience socio-environmental stressors that can harm mental health. Informed by a social contextual framework, this study explored the prevalence of depression among urban refugee and displaced youth in Kampala, Uganda and associations with symbolic (violence), relational (social support), and material (food and community insecurity) contexts. Methods: We implemented a cross-sectional survey with refugee and displaced adolescent girls and young women and adolescent boys and young men aged 16–24 living in Kampala’s informal settlements. We conducted peer-driven recruitment, whereby peer navigators shared study information with their networks and in turn participants were invited to recruit their peers. We conducted gender disaggregated analyses, including stepwise multiple regression to examine factors associated with depression. We then conducted structural equation modeling (SEM) using weighted least squares estimation to examine direct paths from violence, food insecurity, and community insecurity to depression, and indirect effects through social support. Results: Among participants (n = 445), young women (n = 333) reported significantly higher depression symptoms than young men (n = 112), including any symptoms (73.9% vs. 49.1%, p < 0.0001), mild to moderate symptoms (60.4% vs. 45.5%, p = 0.008), and severe symptoms (13.5% vs 3.6%, p = 0.002). SEM results among young women indicate that the latent violence factor (lifetime sexual and physical violence) had direct effects on depression and social support, but social support did not mediate the path from violence to depression. The model fit the data well: χ2(3) = 9.82, p = 0.020; RMSEA = 0.08, 90% CI [0.03, 0.14], CFI = 0.96). Among young men, SEM findings indicate that food insecurity had direct effects on social support, and an indirect effect on depression through the mediating role of social support. Fit indices suggest good model fit: χ2(3) = 2.09, p = 0.352; RMSEA = 0.02, 90% CI [0.000, 0.19], CFI = 0.99.
Corporate Governance and Nonfinancial Performance in Financial Institutions in Uganda
(SAS Publishers, 2016) Biryomumeisho, Justus; Nkote, Isaac N,; Ocaya, Bruno
This study investigates the influence of corporate governance on non-financial performance in financial services sector in Uganda. Corporate governance mechanisms examined included ownership concentration, board composition, CEO tenure and CEO turnover through multi-theory lenses of agency theory, stakeholder theory, resource-based theory and institutional theory. Non-financial performance was measured using employee satisfaction, social performance and environmental performance. The study objectives were to examine the relationship between ownership structure and nonfinancial performance, examine the relationship between board composition and nonfinancial performance, to assess the relationship between CEO tenure and nonfinancial performance and to determine the relationship between CEO turnover and nonfinancial performance. To accomplish the research objectives, a survey design using a questionnaire and secondary data was adopted. Secondary data were obtained from the annual reports and websites of 36 regulated financial services firms for the period 2008-2014. The data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 in which correlation and ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression tests were performed. Results showed that the relationship between corporate governance and non-financial performance is positive (r = 0.1397, p = 0.0514).
Cultivating Voters’ Perceptions and Women’s Political Representation in Uganda
(Institute of Peace and Strategic Studies, 2025-02-01) Dr. Doreen Chemutai (PhD)
This study considers voter perceptions as resources women politicians cultivate. How women cultivate this resource is relatively understudied in Uganda. The study addresses the gap in the literature through a qualitative approach. Women Members of Parliament (MPs) representing the Northern Uganda districts of Kitgum, Pader, Oyam, Agago, and Gulu selected purposively completed individual in-depth interviews. Additionally, constituents in Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) provided input with the help of a discussion guide. Findings reveal that voters' perceptions of women MPs are contextual; voter characteristics and expectations influence voters' impression of an individual. Irrespective of the seat type, women MPs cultivate votes through constituency service. However, women in reserved seats use humility, honesty, and motherliness to influence voters' perceptions. Compared to women in open seats, women in reserved seats are better at nurturing voter perceptions. A further revelation is that a reciprocal relationship exists between voters' perceptions of MPs and performance outcomes. The study suggests that voters' perceptions are an essential political resource as they provide a feedback loop for improved performance, better policies and the election of good leaders.
Employee Ethical Code of Conduct and Performance of Local Governments: A Case of Pader District Local Government
(Gulu University, 2026) Okidi Bajilo Oola
This study analyzed the influence of the employee ethical code of conduct on the performance of Pader District Local Government (PDLG). Specifically, the study: assessed the level of adherence to employee ethical code of conduct, the level of performance, the relationship between the employee ethical code of conduct and the performance of PDLG, and the mediating role of the Public Service standing order on the relationship between the ethical code of conduct and PDLG performance A Case study research design was used and a sample population of 63 consisting of heads of all departments, administrative staff, CAO and operational staff (implementers) of PDLG. Data were collected using questionnaire and interview guide tools and analyzed using computer software SPSS Version 20 and thematic content analysis for qualitative data. Generally, the study revealed a moderately high level of adherence to the ethical code of conduct and an average or moderate performance level of employees. Findings, additionally revealed a moderately strong relationship between the ethical code of conduct and employee performance. The level of adherence to employee ethical conduct in PDLG showed 63.1%, hence moderately high. The Ethical Code of Conduct has a stronger, statistically significant impact at 0.647, enhancing organizational efficiency by promoting accountability and transparency. The study revealed a moderate significant positive relationship between ethical code of conduct and performance of PDLG (r= 0.647, p<0.000). The study revealed a moderately positive influence of the public service standing order on the relationship between the ethical code of conduct and performance of PDLG. The study concludes that the ethical code of conduct significantly enhances performance in terms of efficiency, while the Public Service Standing Order, though positive, faces enforcement challenges. The study recommends that; (a) the heads of departments should implement comprehensive induction programs for their employees on the ethical code of conduct, and Public Service Standing Orders; (b) PDLG should conduct a thorough review of resource allocation and management practices to support employee recruitment to fill gaps.
Exploring Transition in Higher Education: Engagement and Challenges in Moving from Teacher-Centered to Student-Centered Learning
(JPBLHE, 2021) Awacorach, Judith; Jensen, Iben; Lassen, Inger; Olanya, David Ross; Zakaria, Hanan Lassen; Olok Tabo, Geoffrey
The overall purpose of this study is to prefigure the feasibility of Problem Based Learning (PBL) for building research and employability capacity of MA-students in the context of Gulu University. Following a description of the basic tenets of PBL, we explain how PBL was used in experimental community outreach workshops for MA-students between 2016 and 2019. More specifically we identify traces of traditional learning practices and discuss to what extent the new learning approach might change the student-teacher power relationship. Methodologically and analytically, our study draws on a practice theory model developed by Kemmis and Mutton (2012). Although our findings indicate subtle traces of a traditional student-teacher relationship, the analyses indicate that the PBL learning mode is a promising candidate for strengthening research capacity in view of preparing students for post-graduate employability and community transformation. The workshops were organized collaboratively as part of the Danida-funded programme Building Stronger Universities.
Governance and Human Development in Gulu District: A Case Study of Gulu Municipality
(Scientific Research Publishing Inc, 2016-04-28) Akena, Denis Uma; Biryomumeisho, Justus,
The study aims at examining governance in the promotion of human development in Gulu District with particular reference to Gulu Municipality. The research was conducted using 387 participants in Gulu Municipality and adopted a quantitative design with random stratified sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, regression and descriptive statistics. The study indicated that 200 (51.7%) were male and 187 (48.3%) were female. The study finds that greater levels of accountability, participation and absence of corruption are associated with greater levels of human development. Correlation analysis results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between accountability and human development (r = 0.351, p = 0.000). There is a significant positive relationship between government efficiency, participation and control of corruption and human development (r = 0.317, p = 0.000; r = 0.378, p = 0.000; and r = 0.416, p = 0.000) respectively. The relationship between bribery and human development is very low and insignificant. Overall, there is a significant positive relationship between good governance and human development (r = 0.477, p = 0.000). The regression analysis shows that good governance explains 24.4% of the variations in human development (Adjusted R2 = 0.244, Sig. F change = 0.000). The study findings indicate that the best predictors of human development were accountability, participation and control of corruption. The worst predictor was government efficiency. The study concludes that bribery is neither associated with human development nor any attributes of good governance.
Human Resource Management Practices and Employee performance in corporate organisation -Case Study (NWSC -Gulu)
(Gulu University, 2026-07-14) Oyella, Sheila
This study examined the effect of Human Resource Management Practices on employee performance in National Water and Sewerage Corporation(Gulu Area) focusing on Support Supervision ,Performance appraisal and career Development .Guided by the Goal setting theory and the expectancy theory ,the study adopted a cross sectional Design with both Qualitative and quantitative approaches .Data were collected from 112 employees using questionnaires and interview guide and analyzed using inferential and descriptive statistics for association and effects. Results indicate that Support Supervision has a strong significant positive relationship on employee performance whereas career development and performance appraisal has a moderate effect on employee performance, specifically effective training programs with supportive supervision improved employee efficiency and task quality. This clearly confirms that HRM practices are critical predictors of organizational effectiveness. The study concludes that investing in structured HR practices leads to measurable gains in employee effectiveness, efficiency, timeliness and service quality. It recommends that the organization should create more awareness on the human resource Management practices and how they are carried out within the organization so that they align and be able to improve better.
INTERNAL CONTROL SYTEMS AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN GULU ARCHDIOCESE, NORTHERN UGANDA
(Gulu University, 2016) ATIM BETTY GRACE
Current trends have made it imperative for all large organizations, even Church-based Organizations, to maintain internal control systems (ICS). This is because ineffective ICS promote inadequate provision of Service Delivery (SD) to the population. This study investigated the relationship between internal control systems and service delivery in Gulu Archdiocese, Northern Uganda. The systems were examined from the perspective of control environment, control activities and monitoring whereas service delivery focused on economy, efficiency, effectiveness and consistency as measures of service delivery. The research adopted a cross-sectional research design with a quantitative approach. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were employed to select 25 parishes out of the population of 26 parishes in Gulu Archdiocese. From each of the sampled parish, 6 respondents were drawn. This gave a total of 160 respondents consisting of board of consulters, diocesan curia, different commissions, parish priests, parish health committees, parish education committees, parish pastoral council and parish finance committees. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS version 19.0). A one-way ANOVA, correlation and regression analyses were performed to answer various research questions. Results of ANOVA revealed a statistically insignificant difference in means of functionality of internal control systems in different deaneries. The difference in the means of the status of service delivery in different deaneries was also found to be statistically insignificant. Correlation analysis established positive relationship between internal controls, service delivery, governance systems, institutional e1_1vironment and resource commitment in Gulu Archdiocese. Regression analysis results revealed that a combination of internal control systems and resource commitment significantly predicted up to 74.3% of the variance in service delivery. The researcher recommends that Gulu Archdiocesan authority should strengthen its ICS in order to enhance performance in all parishes to ensure economical, efficient, effective and consistent SD. This can be accomplished through policy formulation, implementation, recruitment of knowledgeable staff, putting in place systems to monitor/ evaluate performance and providing refresher courses on leadership and management to all those concerned with delivery of services.
International Capital, Inclusive Planning and Post-War Recovery: The Case of Acholi Land, Northern Uganda
(2015-06) Mpisi Sulayman*, Babiiha
As people of Uganda’s Acholi sub region struggle to rebuild their livelihoods after more than two decades of armed insurgency and internal displacement, they remain suspicious of the government’s motive to allocate their land to foreign investors. By taking Amuru District Land Board to court for allocating their land to Madhvani Group’s Amuru Sugar Works in 2007, the local community has underlined its distrust of the government and its institutions. They hold that the idea of promoting large scale agro-based industrial production through Madhvani sugar project was a falsehood and that Madhvani was merely a smokescreen to disguise land grabbing by big people in government. The findings of this study highlight deep suspicion of government motive in allocating 1,200 hectares of land in Amuru district to Madhvani Group which, to them, strongly revives the historical perception of marginalisation of northerners (who include the Acholi). The conclusion from the study is that although international capital is vital for the recovery process, where it involves natural resources such as land, its effectiveness is likely to be affected negatively unless local communities are included in the planning process; which calls for an inclusive rather than a top-down recovery strategy.
LEADERSHIP QUALITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN UGANDAN UNIVERSITIES : A COMPERATIVE STUDY OF GULU UNIVERSITY AND UGANDA MARTYRS UNIVERSITY NKOZI .
(Gulu University, 2013-01) OBOKE PAUL
The study set out to comparatively Analyse how leadership quality influence performance in Ugandan Universities. Two Universities were chosen, one was a public University, and another one was a private University. Specifically, the study sought to examine the quality and nature of leadership in Gulu University and Uganda martyrs University, explore the effect of employee commitment in the performance of Gulu and Uganda Martyrs Universities/ and analyze the organizational culture in Gulu and Uganda Martyrs Universities and how they affect performance in these Universities. The design was majorly quantitative in nature, supported by cross sectional design correlation survey design was used to help capture the extend of relations and explanatory to the model. Findings indicate that transactional leadership and transformational leadership were all practiced in the two Universities. Gulu University had the highest performance in transactional leadership as compared to those of Uganda Martyrs university. Employees were committed to their institutions; employees approved the provisions in organizational culture and the two institutions were relatively performing well on certain indicators. We recommend that institutions should listen to all its beneficiaries, and they should be less bureaucratic, appreciate their employees career advancements. Supervisors should build trust with their subordinates and should make personal sacrifices to their supervisors for the benefits of the institutions and supervisors should find out what their employees want and try to get them. If institutions are to improve on their performance, they should encourage the employees to be part of their department's success and failures, make employees be emotionally attached to their organizations and make them employees like the organizations such that it becomes difficult for them to leave their organization.
MANAGEMENT COMPETENCIE~ AND PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN GULU MUNICIPALITY, UGANDA
(Gulu University, 2016-10) OKELLO MORRIS KIDEGA
This study, Management Competencies and Performance of SMEs in Gulu Municipality, Uganda. The study was carried out in Gulu Municipality, Uganda and the purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship between Management competencies, Innovation and the Performance of SMEs in Gulu Municipality in Gulu District, ·Uganda. The study adopted ' Qualitative and quantitative research approach of which the QUAN-Qual Model was considered and in this study a cross-sectional research design was used; The study used questionnaire and interview and sample size of 136 SMEs was used in the study of which the study had 279 respondents from the SMEs in Gulu Municipality, Uganda; Primary data was collected μsing self-administered questionnaires and interview guide; Data analysis of Pearson's correlation coefficient, regression analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 16. The study reveals positive and significant relationship between Management Competencies, innovations and Performance of SMEs. Management Competencies and innovation explain about 27.6% of the variance in Performance of the SMEs in Gulu Municipality in Gulu District, Uganda. This implies that in order to achieve better performance, SMEs should improve Management. Competencies and carry out innovation. In conclusion, Management Competencies and innovation contributes only 27 .6% towards the performance of the SMEs in Gulu Municipality, Uganda. Therefore, other factors contribute 72.4% on the performance of the SMEs in Gulu Municipality, Uganda. This study recommends that research on other predictors like market conditions, access and source of finance, Culture, access to information, infrastructure, organization learning of the enterprises, the regulatory burden, training and education and Government policies that have influence on performance need to be done to improve SMEs performance.
Microfinance credit terms and the performance of women-owned enterprises in Obongi district
(Gulu University, 2024-04) Abdullai Sebbi Ajagason
The study investigated the effect of Microfinance Credit Terms on the Performance of Women –Owned Enterprises in Obongi District, West Nile Region, Uganda . Specifically, the study objectives were, to examine themicrofinance credit terms issued to women-owned enterprises, to examine the status of performance of women- owned enterprises, to investigate the relationship between credit terms and performance of women-owned enterprises, to determine the relationship between management policy and performance of Women-owned enterprises. The study adopted a descriptive and cross sectional study design supported by qualitative and quantitative approaches. Sample size of 133 respondents was considered. Questionnaire was used to generate data which was analyzed and presented using SPSS. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis Results show that Performance of women-owned enterprises in Obongi District was average. The qualitative analysis revealed that the overall performance of women-owned ventures in the district is not exceptional. This suggests that there is room for improvement and intervention to enhance the performance of these enterprises. Furthermore, Micro-finance credit terms are stringent and unfavorable: The qualitative findings indicate that the current micro-finance credit terms are perceived as stringent and unfavorable for women-owned enterprises.This suggests that the existing credit terms may pose challenges and constraints for these businesses in accessing and utilizing financial resources effectively. The study recommends that Microfinance Institutions should review and revise microfinance credit terms. This is so because the study indicates that the current credit terms are stringent and unfavorable for women-owned enterprises. It is recommended to review and revise these terms to make them more favorable and accommodating for women entrepreneurs. This may involve considering lower interest rates, flexible repayment periods, and other terms that better align with the specific needs and constraints of women-owned businesses. The study concludes that an emphasis should be put on interventions and policy changes to improve the performance of women-owned enterprises in Obongi District. This includes revising micro-finance credit terms, addressing high interest rates, promoting flexible repayment periods, and implementing supportive management policies. These measures can contribute to creating a more enabling environment for women entrepreneurs and enhance the overall performance and sustainability of their ventures.
Motives and Political Representation: The Case of Women Members of Parliament in Uganda
(East African Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 2023-11-10) Chemutai Doreen; Mulyampiti Tabitha
Women’s political representation in Uganda is a contentious issue. On the one hand, there are doubting public narratives of Women Members of Parliaments’ (WMP) performance. The doubts about WMPs’ performance inspired growing interest in their parliamentary performance. On the other hand, there are concerns about the gender gap in parliamentary representation. The underrepresentation of women in the political scene raises a puzzle about those who dare to compete. However, at the same time, there has been neglect of what drives women in the first place to parliamentary representation and their relationship to performance. This intriguing question calls for an objective analysis to unravel what influences women’s interest in parliamentary office. This paper answers two analytical questions: How do women Members of Parliament construe their interests in joining parliamentary politics? And whether WMPs’ motives influence their performance. These questions were answered by analysing conversations and interviews of five purposively selected WMPs representing five districts of Northern Uganda in the tenth Parliament between 2020 and 2021. Field data was triangulated with performance data from the same Parliament’s Hansard. Findings reveal that personal and social-cultural factors drive WMPs to Parliament. Motives are consequential to performance, although personal motives were more potent than socialcultural motives to performance. Personal, compared to social-cultural motives, are more susceptible to social-political factors in constituencies, institutions of Parliament, and the broad government, affecting motives’ fulfilment
NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATION SUPPORTED VILLAGE SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS (VSLAs) AND HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOODS IN, NORTHERN UGANDA: A CASE OF THRIVE- GULU SUPPORTED VSLAs IN GULU CITY
(Gulu University, 2026) Akello Filda
Village Savings and Loan Associations have emerged as a significant and transformative approach to improving household livelihoods in diverse socio-economic contexts. This study investigated Village Savings and Loan Associations and household livelihood; the case of Village Savings and Loan Associations under the support of THRIVE-Gulu. The study was guided by the following objectives: to examine the status of Village Savings and Loan Associations in Gulu city; to assess the level of household livelihoods; to determine the relationship between Village Savings and Loan Associations ship between Village Savings and Loan Associations and household livelihoods. Descriptive and cross-sectional research designs were used. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guides from a sample of 286 Village Savings and Loan Associations members. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0 software. The study finding shows that savings and credit have significant effect on household livelihoods while soft-skills do not have any significant effect on household livelihoods; the study further found that social trust has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between Village Savings and Loan Associations and household livelihoods. The study concludes that Village Savings and Loan Associations remains a key mechanism in enhancing household livelihoods. The study recommends that measures to improve household livelihood should focus on savings and credit since they have significant effect on household livelihoods. Furthermore, Village Savings and Loan Associations implementors should integrate social trust into Village Savings and Loan Associations operations in order to have greater effect on household livelihoods.

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