Burden and associated phenotypic characteristics of tuberculosis infection in adult Africans with diabetes: a systematic review
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Date
2023-11-11
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Scientific Reports
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of developing tuberculosis infection (TBI). However, the
evidence on the burden and phenotypic characteristics of TBI in African patients with DM is limited.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characterisation of TBI in native African patients
living with DM. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and African Journals Online for original studies
reporting information on the prevalence and characteristics of TBI in adult Africans with DM. A
forest plot was used to describe the pooled prevalence estimate of TBI and the corresponding 95%
confdence intervals (CI). Six studies conducted in four African countries involving 721 participants
with DM were included in this systematic review. The pooled prevalence estimate of TBI was 40% (95%
CI 20–60%, I
2 = 98.52%, p< 0.001). Age ≥ 40 years and glycated haemoglobin levels independently
predicted TBI positivity in patients with DM in three studies. Africans with DM have a high prevalence
of TBI, especially those who are older or with poorly controlled diabetes. This justifes the need for
studies to explore how to screen and manage TBI to avert the progression to active TB disease.
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Citation
Kibirige, D., Andia-Biraro, I., Kyazze, A. P., Olum, R., Bongomin, F., Nakavuma, R. M., ... & Critchley, J. (2023). Burden and associated phenotypic characteristics of tuberculosis infection in adult Africans with diabetes: a systematic review. Scientific Reports, 13(1), 19894.