Prevalence and Predictors of CD4+ T-Lymphocytopenia Among HIV-Negative Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda
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Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Taylor & Francis
Abstract
Purpose: CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia is a risk for tuberculosis (TB) infection, reactivation
and severe disease. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of CD4
T-lymphocytopenia among HIV-negative patients with bacteriologically confirmed TB in
Uganda.
Patients and Methods: Eligible participants were adult HIV-negative patients with bacter iologically confirmed TB at the National TB Treatment Centre in Uganda. CD4+ and CD8+
T-lymphocyte counts were determined by flow cytometry. We defined CD4+
T-lymphocytopenia as a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of <418 cells/mm3 as per the population
estimate for Ugandans. We performed logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of
CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia.
Results: We enrolled 216 participants whose mean age (standard deviation (±SD)) was 32.5
(±12.1) years, of whom 146 (67.6%) were males. The prevalence of CD4+
T-lymphocytopenia was 25% (54/216) (95% confidence interval (CI): 19.6–31.2%).
Patients with anaemia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.83, 95% CI: 1.59–9.23, p = 0.003),
weight loss (aOR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.07–12.23, p = 0.039) and a low CD8+ T-cell count (aOR:
6.10, 95% CI: 2.68–13.89, p < 0.001) were more likely to have CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia
while those with monocytosis (aOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14–0.89, p = 0.028) were less likely to
have CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia among HIV negative TB patients. Patients with weight loss, anaemia and a low CD8+ count were
more likely to have CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia while those with monocytosis were less likely
to have CD4+ lymphocytopenia. The findings suggest that CD4+ lymphocytopenia is
indicative of severe disease and globally impaired cell-mediated immune responses against
TB
Description
Keywords
HIV negative,, tuberculosis,, CD4+,, CD8+,, lymphoctyopenia,, monocytosis,, weight loss,, anaemia
Citation
Baluku, J. B., Musaazi, J., Mulwana, R., Mugabo, A. R., Bongomin, F., & Katagira, W. (2020). Prevalence and predictors of CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia among HIV-negative tuberculosis patients in Uganda. Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine, 45-51.